EXW (Ex Works)

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CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) belongs to the group of Incoterms and is an international trade term for delivery. Under this clause, the shipper bears the freight and insurance costs of transportation to the port of destination. Once the goods arrive at the port of destination, all further responsibilities are assumed by the buyer. The CIF clause is intended exclusively for sea transport and facilitates the organization of freight and reduces the buyer's risk. It is particularly suitable for those buyers who wish to leave the main transportation and insurance obligations to the seller.

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CPT (Carriage Paid To) is an international trade term and states that the seller assumes all freight costs up to the previously named destination. However, the risk of loss or damage is no longer covered from the first carrier, so the buyer must take out appropriate insurance himself. CPT is part of the Incoterms and can be used for any type of transportation.

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DAP (Delivered at Place) is a trade term of the international Incoterms. DAP states that the seller assumes all costs and insurance of the freight until delivery to the destination. Risk of loss or damage passes to the buyer only after the goods have been placed at the destination for unloading. Unloading and import duties are usually borne by the buyer. The advantage of this clause is that the seller assumes full responsibility for logistics. It can also be applied to all types of transportation.

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DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) is one of the best known international trade clauses as it is the one-stop solution for buyers. This clause states that the seller assumes all costs and risks of the complete delivery and logistics up to the delivery to the final destination. This includes any customs duties and taxes as well as insurance and transportation. The buyer therefore simply has to take delivery of the goods, and thus has the most convenient variant of the trade term. This clause is particularly often used when the buyer has no experience of the legal and logistical requirements of international transportation.